Alberta seeding rate calculator. Seeding Rate Calculator for Peas, Pulses and Other Large Seeds. Seeding Rate Calculator ; Nitrogen Rate of Jan 24, 2024 · January 24, 2024. Recordings from the March 17, 2022 Reverse Agronomy Update are Using the seeding rate calculator for seeding success this spring February 12, 2021. Plant stand density, inoculation, nitrogen management, and weed control recommendations were found to be similar to Saskatchewan. Using this method, you need to take into account the desired plant population, the variety seed size (thousand kernel weight), and Mar 31, 2021 · To get that correct seeding rate, use the Alberta seeding rate calculator, which you can find here. One of the many best seeding practices recommended to make the most out of each acre, is to seed based on accurate seeding rates using thousand kernel weight. A four-year crop rotation that incorporates pulses can reduce incidences of disease in your fields. inspiring public confidence in the quality and safety of food. — (877) 420-2099; SGS Canada Inc. Seeding Rates: 44 plants per square metre; 1,000 Kernel Rate: 200 (Desi) to 370 (Kabuli) Seeds Per Pound: 3,300 (Desi) to 6,200 (Kabuli) The Government of Alberta’s Seeding Rate Calculator can help you determine the proper dry bean seeding rate. 3 Mix Ratios. Seeding rates should be adequate to achieve 50-80 plants per square metre (approximately five to eight plants per square foot). 1,000 Kernel Weight (g) 35 TKW ranges between 25 to 50 Germination Rate (%) 95% Germination ranges between 75% - 100% Emergence Mortality (%) 5% Emergency mortality ranges between 0% - 30% Optimal Seeding Rate (lbs/ac) 130. 2 lbs Seed Size, Shape, and seed coat color: Seed size influences both seeding rate and seeding cost. Alberta Grains wanted a tool to help growers understand the possible economic returns of various nitrogen (N) fertilizers and crop prices. Example Desired Plant Density (plants / sq. SEEDING DEPTH: 2–3 inches (5–7 cm) SEEDING RATE CALCULATOR: The Seeding Rate Calculator on the APG app can help you determine the proper seeding rate. 6 Million Seeds per acre when planting at a "normal time" for your area. Learn More. The general formula is: Seed Rate = (Desired Plant Population / Germination Percentage) * 10,000. Thousand Seed Weight (TSW) is measured in grams and can be found on every bag of certified seed. 7. Phone 1 Phone 2. When switching to a new variety and TKW differences are not accounted for, a huge variance in seeding rate can occur year over year. The Blue Book is a longstanding and trusted resource for Alberta farmers and agronomists, providing …. 75-2 bu for ever then 2. Seeing how small this seed is I thought I'd quit being a dinosaur and figure out what proper seeding rate should be (was 1. There are two types of lentils based on seed size: • Large – > 50 g/1000 seeds • Small – < 40 g/1000 seeds Green lentils (large, or Chilean, Figure 1. Beef producers can use this software to estimate forage shortfalls or surpluses for different winter cattle feeding scenarios. Mar 22, 2022 · Seeding rates for wheat and barley March 22, 2022. Planting Rate Estimator. It was built to help drive the adoption of plant establishment assessments while tracking progress towards canola industry production goals. Click for more information. Faba bean population densities for optimum yield are recommended at 400,000 plants per hectare (160,000 plants per acre), 40 plants/m2 (4 plants/ft. Good seed will have a germination of 90-95% and seed mortality is approximately 3%, but can vary greatly. There are several things to consider for determining the best seeding rate for your farm. Canola Seeding Rate Calculator. Use a high seeding rate. 50/bu and a seed cost of $3. This program assesses agronomic characteristics of these varieties. ca),carefully selecting the proper 1,000 kernel weight for the specific variety. supporting environmentally sustainable resource management practices. Mar 7, 2022 · “The difference to a grower over the 2015 to 2018 growing seasons down in Lethbridge was $204. Yield potential tends to drop off with fewer than 30-40 plants per square metre (three to four plants per square foot). Planning: Easier to predict the number of bags seeded and costs, since each bag will seed The Alberta government surveys custom rates and rental rates to provide information to farmers and custom operators. Barley, General Purpose Seeding Rate Calculator. Averaged across all hybrids tested. Seeding rate calculations are based on 2 or more years of data per hybrid, collected at a subset of 70 or more trial locations each year. ) for desi types to 135-210 kg/ha (120 190 lb. agriculture. Where: Desired Plant Population: The number of plants you want to achieve per unit area. Pulses break disease cycles in your field. Sep 10, 2019 · High lentil productivity was attained in all major soil zones and agroclimatic zones in Alberta. Example 1: Large green lentil. The Alberta Wheat and Barley Commissions have developed a seeding rate calculator to help farmers determine appropriate seeding rates for their wheat and barley crops. Emergence mortality must be factored into desired seeding rates. Ag. FP Genetics: From seed production and distribution to research, development, and commercialization, Relentlessly bringing innovative new seed genetics to Canadian farms, ensuring pedigreed seed growers, breeders and farmers are supported and viable. These publications present a summary of custom work and rental rates. , FCSA, for spring wheat and feed barley can be used to evaluate different net return per acre scenarios which compare different N sources and costs, various crop prices and soil test N levels (nitrate-N in lb/ac to 24"). Seeding Rates: Soybean seeding rates should be determined by targeting desired final plant stands. , P. Some markets prefer a particular size or shape of seed. Learn more about the importance of implementing a Target Plant Population on your farm this season, and how our NEW InVigor seed count Alberta Grains is a farmer-directed, not-for-profit organization representing Alberta’s wheat and barley farmers. Contact potential buyers for guidance. Seed size and the 1,000 K weight can vary from one crop to another, between Source: Using 1,000 kernel weight for calculating seeding rates and harvest losses May 4, 2023 · • The most updated calculator uses data from 2020 – 2022. Target Seeding Rate. Alberta Seed Guide is an annual publication that provides information on cereal and flax variety performance in Alberta. in Nisku, Alta. 2 Species Selection. Determine your optimum seeding rate for the seed you have purchased. Not every seed sown will result in a viable plant. • Calculates the removal of BOTH macro and micronutrients. 66 per acre, simply by moving forward their seeding and increasing their seeding rate. Manitoba Agriculture Farm Software & Worksheets Seed Rating Calculators: Cereal Seeding Calculator. Seasonal Canola Counts maps generated with these datapoints are This study also found that seeding rates could be slightly reduced in higher yielding environments (Mehring et al. Equation 1 seeding rate (lb/ac) = desired plant population/ft2 x 1,000 K wt. 8 Confirm Plan. Row cropping dry beans with a row spacing of 70-90 cm (30-36 in) should target 247,000 plants ha -1 (100,000 plants ac -1 ) which works out to 40-50 lbs ac -1 . 64 per hectare, which works out to a gross benefit of $83. Example: SBU = 3 inch wide seed row spread x 100 / 9 inch row spacing = 33% SBU. In some cases, larger seed varieties produce higher yield, but the cost of seed should be considered in light of any potential yield increase (market type – including seed size, shape and seed or seed coat colour – is also important). Seed early to increase yield, competitiveness with weeds and reduce late harvest concerns. To calculate Seedbed Utilization (SBU) follow the formula below: SBU = Width of Seed Row Spread x 100 / Row Spacing. Once seeding is complete and the crop is out of the ground, conducting plant counts is a good way to determine if the desired plant population was reached. Enter the desired plant population (that 33 to 35 plants per square foot), the germination rate, emergence mortality, and thousand kernel weight (TKW). ) 35 Plant Density ranges in the 15 to 50 plants per sq. Enter plant densities and calculate emergence in this survey of crowd Feb 16, 2022 · This demonstrates a 30 per cent change in TKW. Disease resistance Account for up to 25% seed damage when planting with an airseeder, and always calculate seeding rates using TKW, as seed sizes between lots can vary. Emergence mortality of 10% is often seen in cereal crops. Applications & Tools. Proper seeding rates consider planting timing vs optimal time of year, seed size, target population, soil type and much more. Value must be between 75 and 100. It’s important producers know the thousand kernel weight (TKW) of the seed being planted. /ac. SEEDING RATES: 25 – 45 plants per square metre; Seeding rate should be targeted between 95-100,000 plants per acre. Publications and resources on pasture management and forage economics, nutrition, seeding, harvesting and varieties. Studies have shown that higher yields and Important tips for seeding rate management. 50 or so for last several years, kinda had head in the sand and just did what we have always done). Aug 2, 2019 · In addition to proper seed depth, Langlois says it is important to have a good seed population. 7lbs/ac to reach the desired seeding rate of 35 seeds/sqft. , and a seeding rate in pounds per acre is automatically calculated for you. Assuming a 90% germination rate and 10% plant attrition during the season, early season stand loss likely reduced final stand in this field to just above 100,000 plants/acre. email@email. ft. If your target seeding was 35 viable seeds/ft 2 and your plant stand is 26 plants/ft 2, your emergence percentage is just over 74% (26÷35). Simplicity: Seeding rate recommendations make it easier to achieve 5 to 7 plants/ft 2. Jan 29, 2018 · Evans recommends using a seeding rate calculator to take into account germination, thousand kernel weight, and seedling survival rates. 10. Accurate initial chemical application, progressive seed conditioning and polishing process that results in uniform seed coverage, reduced stickiness, and marketable appearance with reliable plant-ability. That information includes: Mar 22, 2021 · Table 2: Seed safe rates of urea fertilizer (lbs/ac of product) applied with the seed relative to soil texture and soil moisture. Mar 24, 2022 · Reverse Agronomy Update, Barley Scholarship, Seeding Rate Calculator, CSA Brown Bagger Agronomy, AFC LOI deadline March 24, 2022. The The 1,000 kernel (1,000 K) weight is a measure of seed size. February 13, 2020. Sowing the right amount of a high-quality seed lot is the foundation for growing a successful wheat and barley crop. 9 Feb 16, 2022 · Seeding rates for these varieties must target 300 seeds/m 2 to ensure proper pith (solid-stem) expression. Contact Name. ) for kabuli types. , FCSA, for spring wheat and feed barley, can be used to evaluate different net return per acre scenarios which compare different N sources and costs, various crop prices and soil test N Feb 13, 2020 · Using the seeding rate calculator for seeding success. The tables for 2023 are completed and have been published on the Alberta Seed Guide This survey tool was produced by the Canola Council of Canada with funding by Alberta Canola, SaskCanola and the Manitoba Canola Growers. The coefficients are estimates only and are based on the 75th percentile of the survey data for each nutrient. Make every plant count. The Alberta Wheat Commission is a proud funder of the research required to develop this tool. For winter wheat, that’s 25 plants per square foot. Variety selection is a huge part of decision-making on Alberta farms. SEEDING RATES: Seeding rate of 105–147 plants per square metre. This software helps crop producers make fertilizer nutrient decisions based on soil test results, crops to be grown, soil moisture conditions, agro-climatic regions and economic factors of crop prices and fertilizer nutrient costs. D. To ensure the best results, use seed with both high germination and vigour. Since grain protein content and grain plumpness are important factors The Seeding Rate Calculator on the APG app can help you determine the proper seeding rate. Germination and mortality are based on seed tests. 1) Choose a desired plant population range. Although maximum pith is expressed at lower seeding rates, 300 seeds/m 2 provides the best balance of pith expression and yield potential. May 4, 2017 · The Alberta Agriculture and Forestry website has a seeding rate calculator that can provide a seeding rate based on thousand kernel weight. Mar 30, 2009 · Pea is a much poorer competitor with weeds than a cereal crop, so seeding at optimum rates is important to attain peak yields. May 4, 2023 · What is a safe rate for seed-placed fertilizer? May 04, 2023. Mar 11, 2024 · Soybean stand loss was around 10%. Funding programs, business resources, agriculture information, agri-food and local food business resources, and calculators and tools. Calculate your optimum canola seeding rates and seed cost or use this calculator after seeding to understand your emergence. Canola Council Recommends 5-8 plants/ft 2. Value must be between 150 and 700. desktop version. The Agronomy & Extension team offers helpful guidance for growing grains in Alberta, ensuring farmers receive up-to-date information for successful grain farming in our province. Maximizing the yield, performance and consistency of your InVigor ® canola takes more than just innovative seed genetics. Economic optimums based on a corn grain price of $3. Germination Percentage: The percentage of seeds that are expected to germinate. 0 grams. Feb 12, 2021 · Seeding rate calculators are the best tool to help you lock in the seeding rate that’s going to give you the most bang for your buck. That information includes: Calculate seeding rate in lb/ac or kg/ha for upper and lower limits of target plant density range. 6. com. The goal is to report what is being charged, not what should be charged. It is the first step in achieving the target plant stand, and in turn, the desired yield potential. Calculating Seeding Rates Use the formula below to calculate seeding rate. Alberta Income Tax Calculator for 2024 Tax Year. loading Feb 29, 2024 · What are the target seeding rates for wheat and barley? February 29, 2024. Hybrid Family *. Mar 17, 2017 · New seeding rate and plant stand calculators from the Canola Council of Canada (CCC) will help canola growers set an accurate seeding rate that balances the good start canola needs with their profitability goals and appetite for risk. With this Employment Insurance (Ei) Calculator, you can calculate the associated contributions due for Employment Insurance (Ei) in Alberta based on your annual income in the 2024 tax year, this includes, where appropriate, employee and employer employment insurance (ei) contribitions. Our Seeding rate calculator can help you choose the proper numbers, based on your own needs, and determine the exact amount of wheat seed Seeding Rate Calculator; desktop version. Optimized yield: Targeting an optimal plant population that will allow InVigor hybrids to perform even more consistently. This non-bloating legume is highly suitable for hay Approximate seeding rates for grain, pulse and forage crops are provided in the following tables. The data presented in these reports was obtained by contacting producers and custom Ag-Info Centre, news for producers, calendar of events, decision-making tools and publication orders. Pulses provide a second-year yield boost. Alberta Agriculture and Forestry has one available to farmers, but of course the accuracy you’ll get out of it is dependent on the accuracy of what you put in. Just pick a crop from a pull-down menu, plug in the numbers for TKW, germination, etc. T. The removal coefficients are based on survey data collected from commercial fields from 2020-2022 in Saskatchewan, Alberta and Manitoba. 4 Seeding Method. 2) • Grey seed coat, red cotyledon Prior to seeding, time is taken to calculate seeding rates to reach a desired plant population based on target plant population, thousand kernel weight and mortality rates. A seeding rate calculator will help determine the proper seeding The greatly anticipated Alberta Seed Guide will hit producer mailboxes at the end of January, and growers will be scouring the tables to see the latest, greatest options for the next growing season. This nutrient removal calculator estimates the nutrients removed in the harvested seed or grain. Canola Council Recommends 5-8 plants/ft 2 Corteva Recommends 6 plants/ft 2 with 95% germination and 70% survivability. Use the calculator by clicking the link below. Corteva Recommends 6 plants/ft 2 with 95% germination and 70% survivability. Check out the new Pulse Seeding Rate Calculator available on the APG app to provide a baseline seeding rate for your pulse crops. in Grande Prairie, — (877) 532-8889; Precision Seed Testing Feb 13, 2020 · Seeding rate calculators are the best tool to help you lock in the seeding rate that’s going to give you the most bang for your buck. SEEDING RATE: 44 plants per square metre; Seeding rates range from 90-105 kg/ha (80 95 lb. Download the app here. Take the average value you determined in step 5b and divide it into your target TKW seeding rate. Barley certified seed cost has made a jump to $54 per 100 kg, a 26% InVigor RATE – A better bag of seed. This can be done using the seeding rate calculators available on-line on Alberta Agriculture’s website. This N Rate Calculator, developed by Rigas Karamanos, Ph. Seeding rate calculators are available online through Alberta Agriculture and FP Genetics. It is important to note that this new calculator differs from other seeding rate calculators. It is the weight in grams of 1,000 seeds. The seeding rate in this field was 140,000 seeds/acre. Figure 3. Seed Cost * (CAN $/bag) CAN The Golden Harvest ® Corn Seeding Rate Calculator is a data-based tool that helps farmers estimate – per acre – the optimal corn seeding rate for individual hybrids and yield environments. The Transportation Calculator can be used to determine the net impact of using (transporting and applying) manure Plant Density. 90) ÷. The data presented in this report was obtained by contacting producers and custom operators and thus represent actual charges. Use a seeding rate calculator to determine seeding rates for your variety. Good to know…. Environment * Standard Sites. The Seeding Rate Calculator on the APG app can help you determine the proper seeding rate. Seedling survival will depend on several factors, such as field conditions, equipment, and fungal loads on seed. 4. Jenn Walker, APG Research & Extension Manager, here. “Winter wheat requires a seeding rate of 350-400 viable seeds/m2 (34-38 viable seeds/ft2). Thousand Kernel Weight (TKW) varies within market classes and between market classes, in general ranging from 30 – 80 grams. Variety B requires a seeding rate of 130. If variety B was seeded at the same rate as variety A (169. To attain an optimum seeding rate, use the seeding rate calculator on Alberta Agriculture’s website (www. With 90 per cent of Alberta farmers applying fertilizer in the spring at seeding time, seed-safe fertilizer rates need to be considered. The seed drill will then need to be calibrated to fall within this range. Going to be planting some CPS CS Accelerate. Pea variety Canola Seeding Rate Calculator. Price per 50-lb bag. It’s important to note that this new calculator differs from other seeding rate calculators. Resource: Government of Alberta’s Seeding Rate Calculator. 1) • Green seed coat, yellow cotyledon • Small, medium and large seed sizes Red lentils (small, or Persian, Figure 1. Use Calculator Wheat seed prices for 2022 are at a 5-year high but, compared to the increase of commercial prices, seed prices have not moved much higher. Therefore, emergence mortality is not included in the calculation. 10,000: A conversion factor to account for the area unit. This Custom Rate Survey was conducted by Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Economics and Competitiveness Branch, Statistics and Data Development Section. The Agronomy & Extension team offers helpful guidance for growing grains in Alberta, ensuring farmers receive up-to-date information for successful grain fa. What are the target seeding rates for wheat and barley? Apr 20, 2021 · b) Calculate the average plant stand from all 6-10 locations you counted. “The tools at canolacalculator. Nitrogen Rate Calculator. Best practices for storing silage and hay. 2). Stanley (2019), found that seeding rates above 29 seeds/ft2 did not increase yield, although optimum seeding rate depends on cultivar and environment. The Alberta calculator, in particular, is very use-friendly. The seed guide is based on data from the Regional Variety Trial programs (RVT), a field trial network spanning from Lethbridge to the Peace Region. (g) ÷ seedling survival rate (in decimal form such as 0. Programs and resources to help farmers, producers and operators practice sustainable agriculture. With 90 per Alberta Grains provides grain market insights and resources to empower farmers in Alberta. 45 plants per square metre. 7 Review Mix. The UK's leading research-backed agronomy service provider dedicated to supporting UK Farmers & rural business owners with innovation & business consultancy. MARKET: Feed or edible, green, yellow or maple. Table 1 indicates recommended seeding rates for various wheat and barley crops. The seed is really small, TKW 31. Get a quick overview on how to use the new calculator from Dr. Wheat and barley seeding rates influence yield, kernel uniformity and plumpness, grain maturity, grain protein content, disease incidence, in-crop weed competition and, in some cases, end-use quality. By planting acres of Pioneer® brand alfalfa at seeds per square foot, you will need bags of seed compared to bags of the comparison variety. . Use certified seed or your own seed cleaned. 00 per 1,000 seeds; assumes 5% overplant to achieve target population. The number of seeds per pound will vary between varieties and types (as well as from year to year), so do a seed A-Z. After the crop variety is selected and a target seeding rate is determined, the seeding rate in pounds per acre must be determined. It is recommended that farmers procure a contract if growing specialty varieties. Use this calculator to decide how much seed you need to plant to obtain the desired plant population and calibrate your seeder. Agronomy & Extension. Do a 1,000 seed weight (1,000 kwt) on each seed lot prior to seeding to determine proper seeding rates – seed weights vary due to variety and growing conditions. Laboratories providing seed testing include: 20/20 Seed Labs Ltd. 2016). Each year, the province of Alberta seeds roughly 3 to 4 million acres of barley and 6 million acres of wheat. Enter values for the three factors below to get your recommended seeding rate and watch your seed costs fluctuate with changes in emergence, seed size, and target plant density. 5 Mix Seeding Rate. Tools. ” Our seed is treated through the G-40 from Grahams. Below shows the importance of implementing a target plant population between 5-8 plants/ft 2 on your acres. This ensures enough seed to cover germination ranges, natural mortality and normal overwintering loss. 30 - 45g. Corn yield response to population and optimum economic seeding rate by location yield level at water-limited sites, 7-yr average. ca aim to drive a deeper understanding of plant density and seeding rate May 4, 2022 · Wheat Seeding Rate. Don’t have the app yet? Click here. Guidelines for Estimating Cost of Production. Pioneer field tests corn hybrid response to plant population at several locations across North America each year. This seeding rate is based the average seeding density for each species listed in the table below. Being aware of the germination per cent, vigor and disease to make the most of the seed lot. Our team provide agronomic advice, seed, fertiliser, crop protection, digital tools, and environmental services to support agriculture and horticulture in the UK. Sending a sample away to an accredited lab guarantees accurate numbers. W. Our typical suggestion for most soils in Ontario is 1. Target plant density: 12 plants per square foot (130 plants/square metre) Germination rate: 90 per cent; Emergence mortality: 20 per cent; Row spacing: 12 inches Using the seeding rate calculator for seeding success February 13, 2020. 40 bu/min capacity for quick loading to get you back to the drill as soon as possible. 1 Site Conditions. Use higher seeding rates (some research recommends 44 plants/ft 2 (473 plants/m 2)). Apr 24, 2023 · Pulse Seeding Rate Calculator Now on APG App. May 26, 2014 · Seeding rate calculators are available on all three provincial government websites with complete instructions on their use. Although your final plant stand will be impacted by environmental factors such as moisture, disease, insect pests, soil conditions, seed quality and equipment accuracy, the number of seeds sown will The Golden Harvest ® Corn Seeding Rate Calculator is a data-based tool that helps farmers estimate – per acre – the optimal corn seeding rate for individual hybrids and yield environments. A PLS seeding rate (kg/ha) for a pure seeding of each species in 15, 23 and 30 cm rows is provided in the table below. Field trials were conducted at five locations over four years from 2012 through 2015 to determine productivity and optimum seeding rate, N management You can grow pulses for export or domestic use for the human consumption, animal feed, or fractionation markets. Feb 16, 2022 · Seeding Rate Calculator Sowing an accurate amount of a high-quality seed lot is a foundational step in growing a successful wheat or barley crop. This information is key in planning for success using proper integrated pest management and seeding rates. SEEDING RATE CALCULATOR: The Seeding Rate Calculator on the APG app can help you determine the proper seeding rate. Jan 16, 2023 · Every year, newly registered and currently grown crop varieties are grown in the Regional Variety Trial program. Your True Seed Cost for acres of Pioneer® brand alfalfa is , or per acre. S. Seeding Rate Calculator. This extensive testing allows us to sample a wide array of environments at many yield levels to help you find the best plating rate. 2) Count out 1,000 seeds and weigh them (in grams). — (800) 952-5407; SGS Canada Inc. Learn how to set a target plant density in plants/ft 2 or plants/m 2 that fits with your individual field conditions, abilities and appetite for risk. Each year, farmers decide if they will be ‘upgrading’ to a new variety. Read this article to find out which factors impact seed-safe fertilizer rates, and how to prevent potential fertilizer injury. Features. How you grow your InVigor also plays an important part. Try the nutrient removal calculator today! Seeding Rate Calculator. The Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation is responsible for: policies, legislation, regulations and services necessary for Alberta’s agriculture and food sectors to grow, prosper and diversify. in Sherwood Park, Alta. Currently, the average wheat seed price is $62 per 100 kg, which is $5 per 100 kg or 9% higher than the 5-year average of $57 per 100 kg. The weight (in grams) of 1,000 canola seeds from one Two major components of the right seed: The right genetics (variety) that suits the farm’s environmental conditions and management. Upon completion, the data is summarized and shared in the Alberta Seed Guide. alberta. Target rates. Instead of targeting plants/ft 2, this calculator targets seeds/ft 2. Alberta Seed Guide is a valuable source to help growers select the right variety. Back. High quality seed. For example, the average per seeding density used for Meadow brome is 55 PLS/meter, while for alfalfa it is 90 PLS /meter of row. Once you choose a target plant density, use the actual 1,000 kernel weight and germination of the seedlot to calculate your seeding rate. Hello everyone, There are five items in today's Shop Talk: 1. 6 Seed Tag Info. • Includes cereals, oilseeds and pulse crops, a total of 15 different crops. That starts with planting the right amount of seed for maximum yield potential. This new seed guide incorporates data from the 2023 season Jul 25, 2011 · Published: July 25, 2011. Seed Rate Calculator.
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