Esp32 ble arduino library. Click on File > Examples > ESP32 BLE Arduino.

Line Notify Library for ESP8266 and ESP32. The actual source of the project which is being maintained can be found here: Compare. The main thing I have tried is to increase the MTU size from the standard 20 May 11, 2024 · This library comes installed by default when you install the ESP32 on the Arduino IDE. Go to repository. In the most simple example, you only need few lines to submit a value to be plotted in phyphox. 5 kB/s, but so far the max throughput is stuck at ~1. Reference > Libraries > Arduinoble. 0 RC2 based on ESP-IDF v5. Lucas S. To use this library, open the Library Manager in the Arduino The Arduino IDE provides an excellent library package manager where versions of libraries can be downloaded and installed. ESP32 Package Installation. After the compilation fails, click the icon in the top right corner of the black console window at the bottom of the " Arduino Web Editor " window that looks like two pieces of paper. Open the app and search for nearby devices. h> 2 days ago · ESP32 BLE ANCS Notifications: Arduino library for ESP32, for reading and interacting with Smartphone notifications from iOS. They are refering to the library version made by Arduino here. Mar 17, 2024 · I'm running Arduino 1. Contributed. And txValue is the data to be sent, in this example just a byte incremented 6 days ago · I really like the features of the ESP32, but it's way too unstable for my purposes especially when it comes to BLE. Communication. Start the service. Espressif developed Android and iOS apps that support Wi-Fi provisioning for its devices like the ESP32 Download the latest release of this library from the release page. The client is also an ESP32 WROOM. Create a BLE Characteristic on the Service 4. This library is intended to provide BLE support for the official Arduino boards that have such a capability. Fast (very low latency) Small footprint. x, Teensy 4. Using Arduino. ArduinoBLE. edit: The library used in the example. You can now go to "File" -> "Examples" -> "ESP32 BLE Mouse" and select any of the examples to get started. This library is compatible with all architectures so you should be able to use it on all the Arduino boards. Toggle navigation Arduino Library List Categories . This can be used for an LED indicator, for example. Releases Configuration. Feb 24, 2024 · Bluetooth LE Gamepad library for the ESP32. ujjwalrathod007 December 25, 2020, 11:57am 1. 8. Networking, Protocols, and Devices. esp32. 0 with the ESP32 through Bluetooth low energy Topics arduino esp32 ble bluetooth-low-energy lego wedo control-lego-wedo wedo20 In the other direction you can also use this library to access sensor data from your phone to use in your Arduino or ESP32 project. 8 on my laptop with no issues, my PC has 2. Feb 9, 2022 · Using Arduino Project Guidance. Nov 29, 2023 · The "ESP32 BLE Arduino" library is no longer maintained so you end up with an outdated version of the library that may not be compatible with the modern version of the "esp32" boards platform. 4 (latest) 0. To use this library, open the Library Manager in the Arduino IDE and install it from there. Arduino core for the ESP32. it returns E (3111) diskio_sdmmc: sdmmc_read_blocks failed (257). 6. Again, we will use a sample example code from the ESP32 BLE Arduino library. Reference> Libraries> Esp line notify. To reduce the cost of using the software, you can import your favorite ESP32 ble app directly, with minor changes, and then use it. Start advertising. This is the code that I Download the latest release of this library from the release page. Serial. Unfortunately this example did not make me happy so I decided to convert it into a simple Arduino Library that is very easy to use from an Arduino Software IDE. - nkolban/ESP32_BLE_Arduino Oct 24, 2017 · Updated today to last master repo, on arduino IDE is there this warning Invalid library found in \SKETCH\hardware\espressif\esp32\libraries\BLE: IDE 1. h file, then it not discover the "ArduinoBLE" library. We will call this board as ‘ESP32-BLE_Server’. #include <Arduino. ESP32 BLE for Arduino The Arduino IDE provides an excellent library package manager where versions of libraries can be downloaded and installed. I couldn't find a clear solution on the web so here it is, this is probably the easiest way to make a Serial MIDI to BLE MIDI adapter! NimBLE-Arduino. If you want to use EEPROM to store the settings, you will need to initialize the EEPROM. ESP32 is a single 2. Nov 18, 2021 · After creating a BLE server using ESP32, we can use a BLE application available on the Play store for testing purposes. 0. 0-RC2 is based on the ESP-IDF v5. I've tried everything I can find in the Adafruit Bluefruit nRF52 Libary examples and in the 'Bluefruit. h which is part of the ArduinoBLE library as well as the ESP32 BLE Arduino library. I have an ESP32 Pico kit and Arduino nano 33 BLE sense. Dabble is a library to interface ESP32 with Dabble Smartphone app on Arduino IDE. ESP32-Chimera-Core Apr 3, 2023 · What I fail to understand is why the ArduinoBLE. Luckily, now this process is really easy (as opposed to when the ESP32 first came out), and can be done all in the Arduino IDE. Enough said. Jun 1, 2024 · I'm creating a project using Arduino BLE ESP32 library. The library can be set to toggle a pin when a device is connected or disconnected. This Github project provides the repository for the ESP32 BLE support for Arduino. Author: Larry Bank. #include <phyphoxBle. Architectures. On installing ESP32 BLE library for Arduino you will get several examples by default for the ESP32 in Arduino IDE. The circuit is very easy to find on google. After we have seen how to set up the ESP32 module as a BLE server. Unfortunately, I don't know how to pair the ESP32 dev kit with the device after connecting to the server address provided in the advertising device detected during the scanning. Initialize EEPROM. NimBLE comes from the Apache Mynewt real time operating system project. h> #include <BLEDevice. 1). Unknown. In short, what I want is to send signals from my cell phone to my esp32. My code is the following: const int readPin = 32; // Use GPIO number. Jun 22, 2024 · Hey! For the past few weeks I have been making a BLE Mouse glove using an ESP32, flex sensors and an MPU6050. License. So in this case the best solution will be to simply uninstall the " ESP32 BLE Arduino " library. Though, ESP32 is finding a device but it is not able to get the Arduino Nano 33 IoT; Arduino Nano 33 BLE; Arduino Nano Every; Arduino UNO R4 Minima; Arduino UNO R4 WiFi; ESP8266; ESP32; ESP32-S3; Raspberry Pi Pico; This covers a very large part of the Arduino platform, and similar boards will also work. 38. The goal is to achieve at least 4. Code: Select all. 0, Teensy LC, Teensy 3. 0 or BLE). After installing the app turn on the Bluetooth. These changes ensure that the library functions correctly with Arduino IDE Version 2. Releases Downloading and Installing. I found this library, but I don't know how to use it: GitHub - nkolban/ESP32_BLE_Arduino: The library source for the ESP32 BLE support for Arduino. You will find a list of examples. I use ESP32 BLE to connect with bluetooth devices. A BLE Serial library for Arduino ESP32 Author: Avinab Malla. ESP32_BLE_Arduino ESP32_BLE_Arduino Public. ESP32 BLE Server ESP32-BLE-Gamepad. C11 based. It continues to be Feb 6, 2023 · Once a library is "discovered", its path is added to the include search path. The library is based on the Update library of the arduino-esp32 59 lines (55 loc) · 2. Jan 2, 2023 · In the sketch panel, click the (verify) button. Aug 7, 2021 · This library supports all the Arduino boards that have the hardware enabled for BLE and Bluetooth 4. 4 GHz Wi-Fi-and-Bluetooth SoC (System On a Chip) designed by Espressif Systems. Note: To see the ESP32 examples, go to Tools > Board and choose the ESP32 board. Uses only one core (CPU0). 1, users can refer here for the certification details of ESP-BLE-MESH. ESP-BLE-MESH is implemented and certified based on the latest Mesh Profile v1. Note If you are looking for Wi-Fi based implementation of mesh for ESP32, please check another product by Espressif called ESP-WIFI-MESH. It has out-of-the-box support for ESP32 SoCs and allows working with Arduino ESP32 as well as ESP-IDF from Espressif without changing your development environment. Create a BLE Server 2. This repo collect the latest sources and bug fix related to ESP32 BLE support for Arduino stored in the nkolban/esp32-snippets repository. The problem I have is I am using the example code from Github, but it doesn't seem to line up with my code on PlatformIO. This library provides an implementation Bluetooth Low Energy support for the ESP32 using the Arduino platform. 4 on Win10 Jan 1, 2024 · This tutorial will allow you to discover Bluetooth® Low Energy (BLE) technology through examples based on an Arduino Nano ESP32. Well as ArduinoBLE - Arduino Reference says. No, that library is for board with ATmega32u4 or SAMD MCUs. To enable this feature, set ENABLE_LED to 1 in the BleSerial. DHT sensor library (As we are connecting the DHT22 sensor with ESP32 so we will have to use this library) Open Arduino IDE and click on Sketch > Library > Manage Libraries. Supported APIs: ESP-IDF, Pico-SDK, Arduino and CircuitPython. You can now go to "File" -> "Examples" -> "ESP32 BLE Combo" and select any of the examples to get started. 150. Jun 26, 2024 · So if we can cause the "ESP32 BLE Arduino" library to be discovered before Arduino IDE does discovery for the ambiguous BLEDevice. The following code doesn't seem to be working. 4 GHz band. esp32-BLE112. The pin to toggle can be set as BLUE_LED in the same file. The following window will open up. h is called/triggered when it is not an included library in the BLE_server example sketch? #include <BLEDevice. h file, then it not discover the " ArduinoBLE " library. In the Arduino IDE go to "Sketch" -> "Include Library" -> "Add . I'm attempting to convert my Arduino Nano ESP32 board into a BLE HID pointing and clicking device (similar to a light-gun). Please note that I did add any services and characteristics. 7 V batteries and my goal is to make it last 10-20 days. h' library. Dec 25, 2020 · ESP32 BLE library not working. 151. BLE112 - BLE modem Library to interact with BLE112 through api commands Author: J. Click on “Install” to install the library. 1 ( release notes) and is major release supporting new version of ESP-IDF 5. ESP32 is designed for mobile, wearable electronics, and Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. The 0. 2 I can't compile the "BLE_client" example from the "ESP32 BLE Arduino" library on my PC, but I can on my laptop. Releases. In this example rxValue is the data received (only accessible inside that function). Maintainer: Larry Bank. #endif BluetoothSerial SerialBT; #define BT_DISCOVER_TIME 10000 static bool btScanAsync = true; static bool btScanSync = true; void btAdvertisedDeviceFound (BTAdvertisedDevice * pDevice) {Serial. Arduino IDE: Upload the sketch to your ESP32 based board. 4. Feb 1, 2022 · I read that Apple does not allow this format (SPP) for Bluetooth and they say that it is recommended to use BLE. Search for “hellodrum ”. Now, since ESP32 uses an internal UART to communicate with the BLE module, and they most probably don't share hardware, it still is possible that the BLE library is conflicting with the SD library. com Aug 7, 2021 · Other modules (for libraries @1 and @3), especially only-BLE-modules (without Wi-Fi), designed for lower power consumption: e. Refer previous tutorial for how to install ESP32 on the Arduino IDE. Nearly 100% compatible with existing application code, migration DabbleESP32. Changed the library. It works exactly the same as any serial (UART) Bluetooth modules you may have used with Arduino (like HC-05, HC-06, etc). The library also supported other Arduino devices using Clients interfaces e. I'm fairly knew to arduino esp32 and am trying to learn BLE specifically at the moment. Jun 17, 2021 · maxgerhardt June 18, 2021, 8:01am 4. h>. Author: Maxim Van de Wynckel. 4 GHz ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical) band and has a maximum data rate of 3 Mbps. This library is compatible with the esp32 architecture. To use this library, open the Library Manager in the Jan 9, 2024 · I successfully used the ArduinoBLE library with the Arduino Nano ESP32 in the past. For example, I had to write my own keyboard library which was extremely complicated to say the least and til this day, despite community efforts this ESP32_BleSerial. This library supports creating a Bluetooth® Low Energy peripheral & central mode. 2 ESP32-BLE-Gamepad. First, we will see how to setup an ESP32 as a BLE Server. Maintainer: lemmingDev. Maintainer: Maxim Van de Wynckel. Dec 4, 2022 · そこで通信仕様の資料を元にESP32でダミーのBLEデバイスを作ってみたところ、よい感じに動いてくれたので事なきを得たのでした 。 ESP32は安価で入手性もよく、Arduinoで手軽にプログラムを開発できるという利点があります。 ESP32 BLE Scanner Code. The project is based off this library (GitHub - Georgegipa/ESP32-BLE-Combo: Bluetooth LE Keyboard & Mouse compatible with Arduino Keyboard and Mouse) and has been working well. This is accomplished by placing an #include directive for a file unique to the "ESP32 BLE Arduino" library above the ambiguous #include directive. This library is compatible with the nrf52, esp32 architectures. But today I'm trying to use the ESP32 BLE Arduino library instead (now part of Arduino core). begin Instructions can be found here. This is pretty obvious, but the first thing you need to do is install Arduino IDE. The library source for the ESP32 BLE support for Arduino. The app Usage. For example read iMessages/SMS, Instagram, WhatsApp Notifications or even accept or reject calls. Use Arduino's Library Manager to install the library. h> #include <BLEUtils. Jul 24, 2023 · NimBLE is an open source Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) stack for microcontrollers. ESP Line Notify. Note: to see the ESP32 examples, you must have the ESP32 board selected on Tools > Board. 0. 2 Arduino library for ESP32, for reading and interacting with Smartphone notifications from iOS. Is there any obvious reason this library wouldn't work with the Arduino Nano ESP32? My issue is that, whenever I try to list the services of a connected remote peripheral (BLEClient::getServices()), my application Arduino library for ESP32, for reading and interacting with Smartphone notifications from iOS. We can use an Android or iOS app or a Web Bluetooth app. In your Arduino IDE, you can go to File > Examples > ESP32 BLE Arduino and explore the examples that come with the BLE library. Currently, I'm able to connect and read values from characteristics, using a ESP32 Dev kit acting as client. Supports ESP32 and Pico W. Bluetooth Classic uses the 2. h> #include <BLEServer. ESP32 BLE library not working. In Arduino Studio, click in Sketch > Include Library > Add . Take an ESP32 Board and connect it to the computer. The interface is very similar so most usage is identical. So if we can cause the " ESP32 BLE Arduino " library to be discovered before Arduino IDE does discovery for the ambiguous BLEDevice. The problem is that when I exit the app it doesn't disconnect and when I try to search for the Blueetooh device again, it doesn't appear. If you use MIDI, also install the MIDI Library. Enables Bluetooth® Low Energy connectivity on the Arduino MKR WiFi 1010, Arduino UNO WiFi Rev. begin( 115200 ); . ESP32 with library @2 is a convenient way to prototype your 149. A library to control LEGO wedo 2. This is accomplished by placing an #include directive for a file unique to the BLESerial was written by Ian Archbell of oddWires. Installing the ESP32 Board in Arduino IDE. 0 and above; these include Nano 33 BLE, Arduino NANO 33 IoT, Uno WiFi Rev 2, MKR WiFi 1010. 2, Arduino Nano 33 IoT, Arduino Nano 33 BLE, Nicla Sense ME and UNO R4 WiFi. Nearly 100% compatible with existing application code, migration Jun 29, 2023 · Hello, I am working on a portable temperature and humidity sensor (ESP32 WROOM + SHT11 temperature and humidity sensor) that sends data over BLE for a few seconds and then deep-sleeps for longer periods. ZIP Library" and select the file you just downloaded. This release introduce breaking changes and support for new SoCs, ESP32-H2 and ESP32-C6. 0 and above; these include Nano 33 BLE, Arduino NANO 33 IoT, Uno WiFi Rev 2, MKR WiFi 1010, Nicla Sense ME. It communicates with hardware like Espressif ESP32 board using in-built Bluetooth (BLE) or evive, and Arduino boards (Uno, Mega, and Nano) using Bluetooth modules like HC-05, HC-06 or HM-10 (BT 2. 2 release. Or BLE-MIDI Library or USB-MIDI library. Jan 26, 2024 · Hello community, here’s a copy and paste of my message in Expressif ESP32 forum: I'm new to ESP32 and, more specific, to microcontroller programming. Library Type. x are PlatformIO is a professional collaborative platform for embedded development. h file. With ESP32 you could easily implement a BLE HID device, check a tutorial like this for example. We’ll develop an ESP32 BLE server and then an Sep 3, 2020 · Arduino IDE: Set the issued ID to variable "hwid" in sample sketches. 1 Pre-release. This person has the same issue, I trie&hellip; This library provides an implementation SemBeacon BLE beacon specification for the ESP32 using the Arduino platform. Microcontrollers. It features all the state-of-the-art characteristics of low-power chips, including fine-grained clock gating, multiple power modes,and dynamic power Oct 14, 2021 · As discussed, ESP32 can be configured as a BLE server or BLE Client. 1. Open Source (see below) Easy to integrate into 3rd party projects. ESP32-BLE-Gamepad Author lemmingDev Website NimBLE-Arduino. Author: lemmingDev. h> void setup() {. ESP32 BLE Arduino: BLE functions for ESP32: ESP32-BLE-Gamepad: Bluetooth LE Gamepad library for the ESP32. Arduino Release v3. This library comes installed by default when you install the ESP32 on the Arduino IDE. Contribute to espressif/arduino-esp32 development by creating an account on GitHub. I don't really know what to do since I am new to ESP and programming. Open Arduino IDE and make sure that proper ESP32 Development Board and COM port is selected. 3: 1711: May 6, 2021 Nov 22, 2023 · Once the BLE is initialized, I cannot create files on SD Card. The remaining one is free to use. Programming: Develop your backend (server-side) script using LINE messaging API to handle beacon event. The GATT UUID used by the BLE serial service may be changed in the Seeed Arduino rpcBLE software library calls Seeed Arduino rpcUnified to implement BLE function compatibility with Arduino-ESP32. 1 and the developer version of the Arduino-ESP32 library (Arduino Alpha 2 Release v3. Uses 50% less flash space and approximately 100KB less ram with the same functionality. It is fully compliant with Bluetooth 5 specifications with support for Bluetooth Mesh. Nearly 100% compatible with existing application code, migration guide included. Nov 1, 2020 · Install. Read the documentation. NimBLE-Arduino is a fork for Arduino compilation and for use with ESP32 and nRF5x. However, this week I have started getting these errors when compiling (below). Feb 6, 2018 · Hardware: Board: ESP32 Dev Module Core Installation/update date: 31/dec/2017? IDE name: Arduino IDE 1. Maintainer: Avinab Malla. The problem is I only need to get rssi from a known device, and using the BLE_scan example I get the rssi from all of the devices that are scanned. 0, 4. OTA binaries are downloaded via WiFi and stored in the OTA flash partition. Click on the green button "Clone or download" and download as a zip file. In a forum reply here, click on the reply field. I got it working to scan nearby devices and getting rssi from those devices. C++ 880 332 duktape-esp32 Usage. Use this Library to access the notifications from an iOS device connected through Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) with your ESP32 Board. 2 Feb 5, 2021 · Arduino Forum ESP32 BLE examples not working. c_str ());} void setup {Serial. And txValue is the data to be sent, in this example just a byte incremented This library allows OTA (Over-The-Air) firmware updates for ESP32 boards. 0 based on ESP-IDF v5. 68 KB. 5. I am sending some data from Arduino nano 33 to ESP32. cpp` to ensure that std::string is properly converted to Arduino String where necessary. Nordic nRF51/nRF52 series processors consume 10-15mA when processor runs all the time, or 1-2mA when combining sleep with keeping active BLE connection. 3. 4 Flash Frequency: ?40Mhz? Upload Speed: ?115200? Description: Using BLE library to add BLE uart connection capability to an existing ESP32-BLE-Gamepad. 2. ) Download the latest release of this library from the release page. Dec 31, 2020 · I did a quick investigation to see how much heap they will take. To use this library #include <ArduinoBLE. Supported boards Arduino Nano 33 Ble Apr 23, 2020 · To connect the DIN5 I made a standard midi input circuit with an optocoupler, a diode and a couple of resistors. Create a BLE Service 3. This library makes it simple to send and received data that would normally go to or be sent by the serial monitor. It is only available for the ESP32 chip. Let’s go a little further and see how to scan for nearby BLE server devices with ESP32 BLE scanner. printf ("Found a device asynchronously: %s \n ", pDevice-> toString (). WiFiClient, EthernetClient, and GSMClient. To open ESP32 bluetooth examples first we need to Jan 1, 2016 · We have created the Arduino library "phyphox BLE" to easily plot data from your Arduino or ESP32 in phyphox or receive sensor data from phyphox for your Arduino project. Bluetooth LE Keyboard library for the ESP32 (Arduino IDE compatible) - jakern/ESP32-BLE-Combo Aug 5, 2021 · Hello. Step 2: Arduino IDE Setup. Click the </> button on the forum toolbar. This is a more updated and lower resource alternative to the original bluedroid BLE library for esp32. This ESP32 microcontroller-based card is indeed very well suited to the development of connected objects using Bluetooth ® or Wifi technologies. You can now go to "File" -> "Examples" -> "ESP32 BLE Keyboard" and select any of the examples to get started. Official libraries are also quite limited in functionality and many higher level features have to be implemented by yourself. The Arduino ESP32 release candidate version 3. I found out in the code below BLE is taking about 175KB of the heap. ESP32-BLE-MIDI: A library to use MIDI over Bluetooth Low Energy on ESP32 boards. This is still WIP version with all new updates and working with arduino v1. Maintainer: Dariusz Krempa. Maintainer: J. properties file to remove the dot_a_linkage. It’s the easier option for ESP32 Bluetooth communication applications. To provision the ESP32 via BLE, we need to use another BLE-enabled device, usually a smartphone to connect to the ESP32 via BLE and send the Wi-Fi credentials. h> There is a file named BLEDevice. I havent made any changes to Jun 28, 2022 · I want to know if it is possible to use the keyboard library with the ESP32 but I have not found information regarding that. Send the Line notification message, sticker, map and images. Search for the BLE scanner and download the app. and Select correct port. Compatibility. Demonstration with BLE scanner app: Go to the play store. - Releases · nkolban/ESP32_BLE_Arduino. It connects to RX (GPIO3 (U0_RXD)) on the ESP32. The BLE standard allows wireless communication in the 2. ZIP Library and select the file you've just downloaded. Author: Mobizt. It is based on the BLE implementation originally created by Neil Kolban and included in the Espressif esp32 distribution. Apr 1, 2024 · ESP32 BLE Server. Type ‘SSD1306’ in the search tab and install the Adafruit SSD1306 OLED library. 2 kB/s. Dabble app transforms a Smartphone into a virtual I/O device. Supported Bluetooth Protocols As the name of this libariy implies, it supports the A2DP Bluetooth protocol which only provides audio streaming! Nov 10, 2022 · I'm using an Adafruit Feather Sense nRF52840 board to send BLE data via GATT to a smartphone application. May 30, 2024 · Modifications have been made to `BleMouse. You can now go to "File" -> "Examples" -> "ESP32 BLE Abs Mouse" and select any of the examples to get started. 1 Release. With the necessary tools and libraries installed, you are now ready to start developing ESP32 BLE projects on the Arduino IDE. ESP32 Bluetooth Classic. Using ArduinoNetworking, Protocols, and Devices. Author: Neil Kolban. Bluetooth LE Gamepad library for the ESP32. Download the latest release of this library from the release page. See full list on randomnerdtutorials. Even though the ESP32 is the microcontroller BLE functions for ESP32 This library provides an implementation Bluetooth Low Energy support for the ESP32 using the Arduino platform. g. After integrity checks the reference to the new firmware is configured in the bootloader; finally board resets to boot new firmware. Mynewt is similar to other efforts like Zephyr. I've been tirelessly searching for a library that, once connected as a BLE HID device, allows me to move the mouse To do this, go to “Sketch” > “Include Library” > “Manage Libraries”. This library supports all the Arduino boards that have the hardware enabled for BLE and Bluetooth 4. I've tried different coding approach and finally found something that allows Bluetooth Low Energy Thermal Printer Library BLE thermal printer library allows you to easily scan, connect and print graphics plus text on a variety of supported printers. Apr 11, 2024 · Provisioning over BLE. Create a BLE Descriptor on the characteristic 5. Click on File > Examples > ESP32 BLE Arduino. In the library manager, search for “BLE” and click on the “BLE” entry that appears. Specifically, in the BLE_client example starting at line 45 we have a function connectToServer() which starts with: May 23, 2022 · Greetings, I am working on a BLE scanner using ESP32 using this library. For example, the Arduino Nano, Mega, Micro, Pro Micro, Teensy 2. This library supports all the Arduino boards that have the hardware enabled for Bluetooth® Low Energy and Bluetooth® 4. Bluetooth low energy (BLE) library for arduino-esp32 based on NimBLE. The sensor is on two 3. fz gp xo ur xs zz ch dn ex sh