Install pavucontrol Using apt-get. Aug 30, 2021 · defaults. * index: 0 name: <alsa_output. I am using openSUSE-11. I am having troubles with my audio-card drivers apparently, as audio worked fine in my previous installation of Ubuntu 19. config/pulse_old/ ~/. Then using the following commands, make new sinks for the speakers and for the headphones, link the speakers to the front channels and link the headphones to the rear channels: Overview. It manipulates pulse state. 0 output:analog-stereo+input Mar 26, 2020 · Posts: 19. Configure audio recording device based settings. I am on XFCE when I go to Volume Control (pulseaudioplugin) there is No Cards Available for configuration. But yesterday, when I installed pavucontrol, the mic stopped recording audio (I found out from a call) but it is recognised as an input device. csteinforth March 24, 2021, 6:43pm . Mixers. It’s important to me to have audio in the Windows configuration. I got the solution, it was a simple case of the monitor being muted. However the device is plugged-in and somehow working. 5mm outputs while Front, Surround, Center, LFE, and Line were unmuted and pavucontrol had Built-in Audio set to the Analog Stereo Output profile. com Dec 23, 2011 · 3. May 14, 2017 · It is not obvious to me how to translate the alsa use case definitions to a usable pipewire configuration. im fairly new to linux (been switching distros for like 4 months now and im still learning) and yet here's the problem . $ sudo apt-get install pulseaudio. freedesktop. Improve this answer. Dec 14, 2014 · Saved searches Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly Connect speakers to the line-out port and headphones to the rear port. The default device is signified by the "fallback device" button in pavucontrol which you should make sure to be set to the analog card. Update GRUB and reboot: sudo update-grub, sudo reboot. g. pa: load-module module-alsa-sink device=hdmi:0 load-module module-combine-sink sink_name=combined set-default-sink combined Jul 5, 2020 · (pavucontrol will not show a drop-down list of sources if there is only one available for recording) pacmd data probably shows the card-profile as: set-card-profile alsa_card. 1 Like. Setup: Current working sound configuration: daemon. ctl. Package: pulseaudio ; Maintainer for pulseaudio is Pulseaudio maintenance team <pkg-pulseaudio-devel@lists. does that mean my sound card Jun 9, 2021 · The only available input is from my webcam, where previously it allowed me to select the UMC404HD as microphone as well: 404 not found, as they say. config/pulse/. I noticed Jun 9, 2021 · The only available input is from my webcam, where previously it allowed me to select the UMC404HD as microphone as well: 404 not found, as they say. aplay -l: Subdevices: 0/1. # then I did. pactl load-module module-null-sink object. The software list shows the PulseAudio Volume Control. Make sure See full list on addictivetips. In the output devices tab, it gives a dummy output, and in the input devices, it just says "No input devices available". which should supposedly output sound, it shows up in pavucontrol though. V1del. pactl has a limited set of commands, pacmd follows the general CLI syntax (see man 5 pulse-cli-syntax or do pacmd --help ). PulseAudio Volume Control (pavucontrol) is a volume control tool (“mixer”) for the PulseAudio sound server. service ### REBOOT ### Jan 3, 2023 · However, now HDMI output and profiles of my NVIDIA graphics / audio card are messed up: in alsamixer only one "< S/PDIF >" and in pavucontrol only one HDMI/Display port appears (the card has actually one DVI, HDMI and 3 Display ports). I can hear, but have no mic input. 39-1-MANJARO. Introduction. Mar 21, 2021 · The KDE volume control only shows a "Null Output" device and volume control with that doesn't do anything. Additionally, I have problems with pulseaudio. I’m just getting started in Audacity. 1 is pretty much identical in Business, Economics, and Finance. I just "fix" this restarting my laptop and that's it, now the configuration panel is normal. 10, Kernel x86_64 Linux 4. c> flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY state: SUSPENDED suspend cause: IDLE priority: 9039 volume: front-left: 36043 / 55% / -15. I have an issue with my audio devices, to put it simple, my PC did not recognize my frontal audio earphones as plugged. Jan 12, 2017 · Step 3: Pulse audio volume control (pavucontrol) The nerve center of Pulse Audio is pavucontrol, more commonly known as "the sound control panel," because its default home is in Gnome's System Settings. 4. I just replaced my old Sound Blaster Live! card with a newer Asus Xonar DX card. pci-0000_00_1f. 6 or 5. After updating apt database, We can install pavucontrol using apt-get by running the following command: sudo apt-get -y install pavucontrol. po at master · pulseaudio/pavucontrol Aug 16, 2018 · sudo apt remove pavucontrol --purge. 00 dB volume steps: 65537 muted: no current latency: 0. I have audio devices installed (screenshots below), but the audio does not work, unfortunately. 0 Output. Once installed, you can search for "pavucontrol" in the application drawer, you will not find it. 3. Edit: I've updated the system and the issue is now gone! I've installed xfce4-pulseaudio-plugin because my audio wasn't working, and after installing xfce4-pulseaudio-plugin I was able to unmute the audio by clicking on the speaker icon onto the panel that is from the applet that I just installed, audio is working fine, but sometimes I want to use my headphones and switch to them instead of Apr 1, 2020 · Registered: 2012-10-16. I also have "USB PnP Audio Device", because the This can be checked by with pavucontrol (in the pavucontrol package). device 5 defaults. Finally I installed alsa, alsa-utils, pulseaudio and pavucontrol. Using an HP laptop. 0 hdmi-output-0 @int_ua: pactl list cards and pacmd list-cards are both correct, the two tools use different syntax but provide most of the same functionality. 0-1, full speed So the sound cards are recognized. 0 card(s) available. ) It can be installed and invoked as a standalone application, too, so remember Apr 1, 2020 · Registered: 2012-10-16. Click on the “Lock” to unlock and adjust individual speaker related settings…. 0. If, somehow, after applying this fix you decide to go back to the previous state before applying the fix, please follow the steps below: Run the following command in the terminal: rm -r ~/. Set GRUB_DEFAULT to the desired kernel: GRUB_DEFAULT="Advanced options for Ubuntu>Ubuntu, with Linux 6. You can't "control pavucontrol from the command line". Here's a screenshot of input devices from pavucontrol: The standard GUI PulseAudio controller is pavucontrol. Usually I use pavucontrol to set this up, but when I launch it, and when I open it, there are no sound cards to set and the configuration tab shows "No cards available for configuration. 0+23+g335c26c-1 PulseAudio Volume Control local/pulseaudio 12. Run the following command in the terminal: mv ~/. May 10, 2013 · 2. good. 0 2 Master, PGA3. pavucontrol-qt is the Qt port of the volume control pavucontrol for the sound server PulseAudio. Bluetooth and USB-C devices work (the headset shows up properly in pavucontrol), but the integrated speakers are never used. 0-23-generic. So, to get the easy stuff out of the way: rechecked plugs. Aug 18, 2015 · To install this tool, open Software and type the keyword “pulseaudio” or “volume” in the search bar. po at master · pulseaudio/pavucontrol Apr 16, 2019 · In pulseaudio terms pulseaudio will create a separate profile for HDMI card, which you can switch in pavucontrol's configuration tab and/or pacmd set-card-profile alsa_card. I used pavucontrol to disable sound on my laptop and play it through the tv. I am using Manjaro 16. Apr 3, 2014 · It leads to "no cards available for configuration" in pavucontrol. 4 for this blog entry, but openSUSE-12. Share. Looking at the output details, I came up with device=hdmi:0. 8. I believe it's normally set to all except monitors, so the monitor doesn't show up. You might Mirror of the PulseAudio Volume Control application (for bug reports and pull requests go to the website!) - pavucontrol/el. PulseAudio was already installed a long time ago, the output and input worked perfectly. In this tutorial we learn how to install pavucontrol on Ubuntu 22. (creative audigy FX) Support. Aug 23, 2017 · Pavucontrol in Configuration section says: no cards available for configuration. In contrast to classic mixer tools, this one allows you to control both the volume of hardware devices and of each playback stream separately. Let us know of the result to better point you to a permanent solution. I have 2 sound output devices on my Devuan 5 system - Analog and HDMI Digital. # solution 1. include /etc/pulse/ name. if module-manager is loaded can right-click on the 'Port:' dropdown menu to rename the Jun 28, 2019 · 9. service pipewire-pulse. But my sound doesn't work, and I need to run alsactl init, which makes my speakers work, but not microphone. alioth. Chris_J March 2, 2024, 3:13am 5. 58 dB balance 0. In my case, I have the sound card that's built in to my laptop (Cannon Point is one of Intel's place-name codes, after a nature preserve in Georgia). ago. Here's the information regarding my May 29, 2021 · Test your audio now. Jul 30, 2021 · Also, I am using some Windows qubes now with Windows Tools. I tried a bunch of solutions online, but none of them works. "pavucontrol" show only the "Null Output" device in Output Devices, "System Sounds" in Playback, "Monitor of Null Output" in Input devices, and (and this is my favorite) "No cards available for configuration" in the Configuration tab. What is pavucontrol. analog-stereo> driver: <module-alsa-card. In pavucontrol go to input devices, then in the show button at the bottom switch it to All input devices. May 22, 2024 · Adjust device and app volumes. @mavix At the Input devices tab , monitor of built-in audio digital stereo (hdmi) , not 2nd: Monitor of Built-in audio analog stereo, (But here, 3rd: Built-in Audio Analog Stereo (Internal Microphone) at this line, look to the right, 3 buttons: a greyd out (muted) speaker, and a lock, and a green, Ok-symbol) – William Nov 25, 2018 · One thing that helped out is this link: No audio on Ubuntu 18. In pavucontrol set the soundcard used to Analog Surround 4. hey guys i just installed lubuntu on my compaq cq58 laptop and im really loving it . May 5, 2013 · surround51 profile doesn't output any sound. 0-1 Sep 24, 2020 · Oct 5, 2020 at 22:45. Sep 29, 2019 · Subdevice #0: subdevice #0. This can be done either by copying the system file under /etc/pulse to the user's configuration directory, or by creating a new file that includes it with the syntax . Generate a pulseaudio log. Save the file and exit (press Ctrl + O to save and Ctrl + X to exit). org/pulseaudio/pavucontrol) root Mar 19, 2020 · aplay: device_list:272: no soundcards found It seems that drivers are currently available but not for pulseaudio. Crypto May 28, 2024 · Open the GRUB configuration file: sudo nano /etc/default/grub. Basic Configuration. I have a problem that has been bothering me for a week now: I have installed debian 10 (buster) (32-bit) on an acer aspire 1610 and i am having problems with the audio card: essentially pavucontrol tells me that sound is playing but no sound can be heard from the sink in question (my rear green jack) The machine mounts a SIS966 audio card Aug 18, 2015 · To install this tool, open Software and type the keyword “pulseaudio” or “volume” in the search bar. 5mm mic input (red/pink), and a S/PDIF. Mar 17, 2020 · sudo apt install pavucontrol. (It's also available as pavucontrol-qt for KDE System Settings. Changing "Analog Stereo Output" is IIRC done by changing the I get the following weird state if I stop wireplumber (with PipeWire), or unload module-alsa-card (with PulseAudio) while pavucontrol is running: Sometimes I turn on my laptop and the first thing that I see is that pavucontrol didn't start well, so I got no audio, and I got this pretty message on the configuration panel that says "No cards available for configuration". I noticed that it's a known issue, so while I didn't understand most of the codes, I tried all the potential solutions I could find online - from sudo apt update to reset/reboot ALSA and PulseAudio Feb 2, 2017 · $ cat /proc/asound/cards 0 [PCH ]: HDA-Intel - HDA Intel PCH HDA Intel PCH at 0xdc428000 irq 295 1 [H ]: USB-Audio - Logitech G933 Gaming Wireless H Logitech Logitech G933 Gaming Wireless H at usb->0000:00:14. Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0a12:0001 Cambridge Silicon Radio, Ltd Bluetooth Dongle (HCI mode) local/pavucontrol 1:3. pcm. The pulseaudio problems (at least in part) precede the replacement of the card, but I think I need to solve them first, before figuring out the mike issue. Install pipewire-pulse, pipewire-jack and carla. How to set the pavucontrol to keep all the settings after reboot? Apr 8, 2020 · I followed the guide and installed Arch linux on my Dell Inspiron 14 5000. 8 by using the following command: sudo apt install linux-image-5. org> ; Source for pulseaudio is src Jun 29, 2013 · 4. ewaller Administrator Apr 3, 2014 · It leads to "no cards available for configuration" in pavucontrol. Only the last three can be turned up or down, and they are already 100%. After that, it did not solve my Skype problem and it caused my laptop to lose audio output. But I also doubt that this will help you. 5. Update apt database with apt-get using the following command. I was on 5. 04. Previously I also had problems with the Nvidia HDMI PulseAudio Volume Control (mirrored from https://gitlab. So “pavucontrol” gives almost the exact configuration features as with the default tool in Nov 25, 2018 · One thing that helped out is this link: No audio on Ubuntu 18. For the examples below which modify the user's configuration file it may be necessary to first create the file. When HDMI output was chosen in pavucontrol, there would be ports. I also met the problem of my microphone not working on Arch Linux. Must have been something funky about the upgrade from Bullseye to Bookworm: Installed pipewire-audio-client-libraries systemctl --user restart wireplumber pipewire pipewire-pulse. Oct 13, 2020 · uname -a. pci-0000_00_1b. sound works. 10. I've tried everything here, too: No sound in Ubuntu 18. pulse and ~/. And yes, "pavucontrol" requires a running sound server. Apr 4, 2020 · 0. i installed pavucontrol and im still having trouble because at the configuration tab it says "No cards available for configuration" . Posts: 22,340. device names can be changed in Pulseaudio ( pavucontrol) if Pulseaudio has module-device manager loaded. What you want to do to "reset" is remove your ~/. 0-23-generic linux-buildinfo-5. With the steps above at least I see my hardware in the Sound settings (output) So it is a step forward. 1 – Debian package audacity 2. wav file. Configure audio output hardware device settings (enable/disable amplifications, change profile settings etc). Hi folks, I installed Arch on my laptop recently and ran into sound issues, pavucontrol shows no output devices except for the 'dummy output' and I can't actually get sound out of my system. 2. As such it can be used to adjust all controls provided by PulseAudio and ALSA as well as some additional settings. Mar 24, 2021 · Gaming, sound and video. I've tried uninstalling and reinstalling audio packages recommended here: Sound card stopped being detected. Start Carla through Pipewire, pw-jack carla-rack. • 3 yr. I can’t figure out how to Mirror of the PulseAudio Volume Control application (for bug reports and pull requests go to the website!) - pavucontrol/po/pl. 0-23-generic linux-modules-5. " To install Pavucontrol on Ubuntu, just open a terminal and type: sudo apt install pavucontrol. In my case there's no device shown under "Input Devices" in pavucontrol (it says "no input devices available"). To Rep May 21, 2015 · Debian Wheezy – Audacity 2. In alsamixer, the card is "sof-hda-dsp", and the chip is "Intel Geminilake HDMI" Also, alsamixer has six bars (S/PDIF, S/PDIF 1, S/PDIF 2, PGA2. if it needs to be added - pactl load-module module-device-manager. At the begin, create a new PulseAudio null sink named default_null_sink . Jan 7, 2017 · Also this sound card works as when I boot Windows, so the problem lies in linux. In theory, the command to change the output profile could be pacmd set-card-profile 0 output:hdmi-audio (or output:hdmi-stereo or whatever), either will work. I just tried plugging the speakers into all of the 3. GameStop Moderna Pfizer Johnson & Johnson AstraZeneca Walgreens Best Buy Novavax SpaceX Tesla. So how could I fix this? Jul 14, 2022 · Going into settings, the only available output available is Dummy Output. I reinstalled it and reinstalled pulseaudio, but now pavucontrol does not detect any cards in the configuration tab. . 03 beta. config/pulse. 1; pavucontrol 1. Everything is set to dummy output. Nov 10, 2023 · This is solved now. Restart the computer in order to reload the sound configuration. 0 3 Master, and PGA4. Sep 28, 2021 · I recently got Lambda Tensorbook with Ubuntu 20. e. checked everything was unmuted in alsamixer. 1. 00 dB volume steps Jan 7, 2012 · The application ‘pavucontrol’ (pulse audio volume control) is installed by default in Gnome, but it needs to be separately installed in KDE, from the official openSUSE OSS repository (which is aleady automatically setup on every openSUSE install). card 0 defaults. In pavucontrol I saw that there was some signal going to the output but it was for the on-board sound card and not for Xonar. sudo apt-get update. pavucontrol doesn't have a default configuration. $ sudo apt-get install pavucontrol. to find out which version you have, then see if you are on 5. 04 LTS after upgrade from 16. I appear to have 4 3. What is the clean way to solve this issue ? Offline #2 2015-06-09 15:12:23. Click Install, or in a Terminal run this command: su -c "dnf install pavucontrol". check if module is already loaded - pactl list short modules | grep device-manager. 0-35-generic. all good. i get no audio whatsoever. analog-stereo. It also Oct 9, 2018 · Pavucontrol shows the audio bouncing when some software that outputs audio is being executed, but no sound at all in headphones or speakers are being executed. checked on another distro. Sep 7, 2021 · Edit: Sorry if it wasn't clear enough. Install pavucontrol and check if there is any output on the pavucontrol panel when playing a . 10 Dec 14, 2014 · Saved searches Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly Oct 20, 2019 · 1 source(s) available. Same thing with "High Fidelity" configuration, it switches the configuration back to "Off". 0-6. 0-23-generic linux-modules-extra-5. linger=1 media. 0 4 Master). I noticed today that pavucontrol emits a "pop" sound when I adjust the volume slider under the Output tab. 0-23-generic linux-headers-5. c> flags: DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY state: IDLE suspend cause: (none) priority: 1030 volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0. One thing to note early on is with pavucontrol, if I set my output to any form of surround sound May 29, 2021 · Test your audio now. 4-1 Codecs and hardware: Realtek ALC889; Intel HDA; SPDIF header on motherboard (digital out, only; coax is attached) Newbie here. I’m able to record my LPs (default line 0,1,2). Choose "Analog Stereo Duplex" as your pavucontrol configuration, and add to default. No sound, but output shows to be working in pavucontrol. monitor> driver: <module-alsa-card. Start with the rightmost Configuration tab, which lists your sound cards. HDMI output would be a pleasing bonus. You can control Pulseaudio with pavucontrol, or you can control Pulseaudio with pactl (or pacmd ). Here are the solutions that I already tried. 0-1; audacious 3. Sometimes I turn on my laptop and the first thing that I see is that pavucontrol didn't start well, so I got no audio, and I got this pretty message on the configuration panel that says "No cards available for configuration". The general symptoms sound more like what happens with module-switch-on-connect but that would have to be loaded consciously by you. card 0 If I comment out those three lines and reboot, I go back to the previous situation, i. 0 output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo change it to output only with: pacmd set-card-profile alsa_card. , if the output is and I hear a short beep in my headphones and it is again "Off". Or if. Profile iec985-stereo+input:analog-stereo outputs sound properly but stereo only (front left and front right) - logs attached below. Here's a screenshot of input devices from pavucontrol: Mar 25, 2013 · So a couple of days ago, I had my laptop hooked up to my tv via HDMI. When I set the pavucontrol > Configuration > Built-in Audio to HDMI Digital, it always defaults to Analog after reboot, the HDMI cable is always connected and nothing else have changed. Feb 12, 2011 · pacman -S pipewire pipewire-pulse pipewire-alsa pavucontrol alsa-utils mpv systemctl --user enable pipewire. 00 dB, front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0. org> ; Source for pulseaudio is src Jan 3, 2023 · However, now HDMI output and profiles of my NVIDIA graphics / audio card are messed up: in alsamixer only one "< S/PDIF >" and in pavucontrol only one HDMI/Display port appears (the card has actually one DVI, HDMI and 3 Display ports). It has four tabs. Another approach would be to check for useful messages to narrow down the issue by generating a pulseaudio log file from running pulseaudio in verbous mode (see here on how to do this ). I have tried different profiles in pavucontrol configuration tab but that didn't seem to work. Expected Results: Sound devices appear in the gnome control and pavucontrol. If the sound is registering in the vu vumetre of that program, then it is being routed through the pulse system. In Rack tab add whichever plugin you want. The cat /dev/sndstat says Installed devices: pcm0: <Realtek ALC255 (Internal Analog)> (play/rec) default pcm1: <Realtek ALC255 (Front Analog Headphones)> (play) pcm2: <Intel (0x2883) (HDMI/DP 8ch)> (play) No devices installed from userspace. It's more likely you have a more low level issue if it's that impossible to fix it via pavucontrol directly. log: pw-dump. 5mm audio outputs (orange, blue, black, green), one 3. 4. I have also installed Kde and lightdm. 58 dB, front-right: 36043 / 55% / -15. pulseaudio -k && sudo alsa force-reload. I don't know what caused this, I tried reinstalling everything pulseaudio related and restarted but no luck. 04 which says to. 6-1020 and then updated to 5. After reboot, the machine had sound again. Audio output continues to work fine. Jul 15, 2021 · Simple mixer control 'Master',0 Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined Playback channels: Mono Limits: Playback 0 - 87 I have pavucontrol installed and in the Configuration tab, it says "No cards available for configuration". Additional Info (as attachments): pw-dump > pw-dump. Can't remember Feb 24, 2020 · Describe the bug I no longer have any input devices available after updating to the 20. socket systemctl --user enable pipewire. Still no sound. I checked with both pavucontrol and the standard kde plasma settings manager. debian. To troubleshoot via CLI only, install pamixer and check the output of the following command: Apr 28, 2016 · 1 sink(s) available. Alsa-base is deprecated, so I can't re-install it. 1-1 Other Debian packages: pulseaudio 2. 00 dB balance 0. pavucontrol is: PulseAudio Volume Control (pavucontrol) is a simple GTK+ based volume control tool (mixer) for the PulseAudio sound server. I noticed Jan 31, 2019 · Hardware is initialized using a generic method. I changed it back when I was done. So, you need to remove the "-daemon" USE flag from your configuration. Still using pavucontrol i change the audio profile, then the unplugged earphones are show in the list of output devices, i select them as output and that way i have sound. ewaller Administrator Sep 23, 2020 · I use pavucontrol to adjust the audio output volume in Manjaro Linux. Subdevice #0: subdevice #0. 04 LTS In pavucontrol no cards are detected so I can't unmute Jun 8, 2023 · Instead, what gets installed are Pulse libraries needed by Pulse-based applications; these libraries get used for Pulse compatibility when running PipeWire as a sound server. with --purge option in order to do the reset (without it, pavucontrol configurations - which can be the issue - wouldn't be removed) Reinstall pavucontrol like we do usually : sudo apt install pavucontrol. I have a dualboot setup for gaming and the other OS runs audio just fine, so it's not a hardware issue at all. The software belongs to the LXQt project but its usage isn't limited to this desktop environment. Pavucontrol set as follows: aplay -l. This seems to be specific to pavucontrol, as slider controls in other applications do not emit this sound. It seems, that even thought the operating system sees the sound card, it is not available to Pulseaudio, for some reason: Code: Select all. pulseaudio: My system has no sound at all, an upgrade may have messed it up. One possible cause of no sound after install is that PulseAudio detects the wrong output device as a default. I didn't touch any config files. I've run pulseaudio -k && sudo alsa force-reload, as well. . Save current pavucontrol configuration. Following the following advice from Arch Wiki fixed it for me: Run arecord -l to find out the id of the microphone in hw:CARD,DEVICE notation, e. When playing videos, songs etc. $ pavucontrol. class=Audio/Sink sink_name=default_null_sink channel_map=FL,FR. Pavucontrol does show me the device and its volume levels: These levels peak as I tap on the microphone. socket pipewire-pulse. antti@buster:~$ pacmd list-cards. conf. Being a package that depends on PulseAudio, theoretically the above should also install what is necessary to make it work. Everything proceeded smoothly. When you launch the tool, you’ll see a display like this. pavucontrol, an optional package for PulseAudio, allows you to make volume adjustments (entire system or per application). Jun 30, 2012 · After installing pulseudio, pavucontrol, paprefs, and pulseaudio-alsa it didn't work at first (now I didn't even have the sound). There’s no terminal for that and I don’t think I can use anything not listed as a Dom0 interface in the configuration. The sound works, but the mike doesn't. 00 base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0. Also I removed then reinstall the pulse audio as. log Share. Sound plays through speaker and headphones. Subdevices: 1/1. wc ff jb yn rd nj fd nc sq es