03% higher than that of female faculty. 2 $83. The salary difference between male and female associate professor is $6,123, which means male associate professor's salary is 5. May 28, 2024 · The average University Professor - Psychology salary in the United States is $110,490 as of May 28, 2024, but the range typically falls between $87,670 and $208,170. 18% ($-156) from last year at The University of Texas at San Antonio. $75,160. One way to increase a tenure track salary is to teach during the summer. 5 $104. By gender, the average male associate professor salary is $77,795, and that of female associate professor is $70,144. 05% higher than female associate professor's salary. 10% decrease from last year ( -$1,530 ). 21%, and assistant professor salaries increased by 7. 042. 41% higher than 2022. 57% compared to the 2022 salary. The highest Professor salary in the United States was $1,615,250. The Professor Of Marketing's salary will change in different locations. The Associate professor salary is $133,959, a The following tables show the average faculty salary by academic rank and gender at University of Florida. The following tables show the average faculty salary by academic rank and gender at Indiana University-Bloomington. May 28, 2024 · The salary range for a Stem Teacher job is from $45,733 to $67,573 per year in the United States. The 2023 average faculty salary is $158,600 at University of California-San Diego across all academic ranks. UCSD's faculty salary increased by 4. There are 2 South Carolina R1 Universities in South Carolina - Clemson University and University of South Carolina-Columbia. 77% at Cornell University. This means that UNT’s overall rate of pay is above the middle of R1 and R2 institutions, which is fitting given our standing as a new R1 institution. At NYU, the average male faculty's salary is $169,553 and female faculty's is $133,415. 91% higher than 2022. University of Colorado Boulder and University of Denver also have higher faculty salary of $113,287 and $106,657 respectively. The difference in salary between male and female faculty $21,484, with male faculty' annual salary being 25. The average faculty salary increased 5. 65% increase from last year ( +$875 ). 4. 41% ($7,711) from last year at University of Southern California. CMU's faculty salary increased by 3. 7 $105. The following tables show the average faculty salary by academic rank and gender at Tufts University. The total cash compensation, which includes base, and annual incentives, can vary anywhere from $91,749 to $113,853 with the average total cash compensation of $101,706. The average faculty is $88,576 and the average non-teaching staff salary is $74,985. 74% compared to the 2022 salary. It offers major programs doctoral degree programs, but relatively in limited number of area of study than R1 institutions . 67% higher than that of female The 2023 average faculty salary is $100,710 at West Virginia University across all academic ranks. 51% increase from last year ( +$3,306 ). It also depends on business models. for a unit, for a unit by rank, etc. Sep 25, 2023 · OSU R1 Estimated Salary: Total average salary from OSU comparison date by CIP code and rank for faculty within the grouping presented in the table (e. Salary ranges can vary widely depending on many important factors, including education , certifications, additional skills, the number of years you have spent in your profession. Average $75,160. The average faculty salary of them is $112,538. At Houston, the average male faculty's salary is $128,224 and female faculty's is $101,027. The 2023 average faculty salary is $188,356 at University of California-Los Angeles across all academic ranks. Apr 22, 2024 · The estimated total pay for a Tenured Professor is $129,947 per year in the United States area, with an average salary of $92,771 per year. Median house price is about $1. 4 percent at private religiously affiliated institutions. The salary difference between male and female associate professor is $7,651, which means male associate professor's salary is 10. At Carnegie Mellon University, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $180,040, a 2. Arizona's faculty salary decreased by 0. Average assistant professor salaries for year 2022: AAUP Faculty Compensation Survey County-level cost of living for family of 2 adults and 2 children for year 2023: Economic Policy Institute Family Budget Map . 31. The following tables show the average faculty salary by academic rank and gender at Drexel University. 4 By gender, the average male associate professor salary is $99,356, and that of female associate professor is $91,792. 8 $99. The following table summarizes the faculty salary by academic rank for 3 North Carolina R1 Universities. The average salary for a assistant professor is $75,160 per year in the United States. Georgia State's faculty salary increased by 4. At West Virginia University, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $126,277, a -3. The non-instructional staff salary has risen 8. The salary difference between male and female associate professor is $9,543, which means male associate professor's salary is 9. 69% higher than female associate professor's salary. The following tables show the average faculty salary by academic rank and gender at George Mason University. 48% increase from last year ( +$8,521 ). 06% higher than that of female faculty. Salary Range: $77,680-$168,477. Jun 2, 2024 · Average base salary. 43% increase from last year ( +$7,076 ). The 2023 average faculty salary is $88,996 at Georgia State University across all academic ranks. 53%, from $96,314 to $104,156. Although it was lagging behind last year, the mean value for Fall 2021 has increased from $82,973 for AY2020-21 to the The 2023 average faculty salary is $92,561 at University of Alabama in Huntsville across all academic ranks. The difference in salary between male and female faculty $18,674, with male faculty' annual salary being 18. Starting salaries for graduates is even lower, down in the mid-20's. The number of faculty and average salary for full-time faculty members on the payroll of institutions as of November 1 of each academic year. I'm keeping my fingers crossed for an offer to move from a non TT junior faculty position to a tenure track Assistant Professor position (PhD) at a R1 medical school (top 10 in the country). 75% higher than that of female faculty. Johns Hopkins's faculty salary increased by 2. 26% increase from last year ( +$6,685 ). 71%. At Northwestern University, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $224,600, a 3. The salary difference between male and female professor is $4,795, which means male professor's salary is 2. 97%. The following tables show the average faculty salary by academic rank and gender at Montana State University. 05% increase from last year ( +$7,614 ). University graduates have an average salary of only £36k (non-graduates is £26k and postgraduates £42k). At University of California-San Diego, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $212,651, a 4. On benefits, the AAUP found that about 97 percent of full-time professors earn contributions toward their retirement plans from their employers or state or The following tables show the average faculty salary by academic rank and gender at New York University. Connecticut's faculty salary increased by 5. The salary difference between male and female associate professor is $14,226, which means male associate professor's salary is 8. 66% increase from last year ( +$2,707 ). The salary difference between male and female associate professor is $7,564, which means male associate professor's salary is 8. High $123,009. UIUC's faculty salary increased by 3. FACULTY SURVEYED A total of 263,721 full-time faculty positions were reported for this year’s survey. 04%, associate professor salaries increased by 11. At George Washington University, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $192,930, a 1. 9 $113. At University of California-Los Angeles, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $248,620, a 5. Honestly, a difference of $10k seems pretty low. 8 $114. 21% compared to the 2022 salary. University of Florida and Florida State University also have higher faculty salary of $114,823 and $110,317 respectively. This is fascinating. 14% ($3,809) from last year. The average salary for Cornell faculty has increased 7. 58%. 05% compared to the 2022 salary. Non-cash benefit. Public research R1; assistant professor; 9-month salary of $125,000; 2015. The average associate professor salary at national universities is $94,528 The 2023 average faculty salary is $153,314 at Johns Hopkins University across all academic ranks. At University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $114,011, a 2. Low $45,924. Of the schools, University of Notre Dame has the highest faculty salary of $144,593 for the academic year 2023-2024. To become a professor of Physics, a PhD and a research degree is must. Some disciplines/fields have 12 month appointments, some at 9 (or even 8) month Sep 7, 2021 · How much a professor earns will also vary based on the subject they teach. I'm not sure what's reasonable to ask for a 12 month salary. 82%, and assistant professor salaries increased by 10. 5% higher than that of female faculty. 6 percent at private independent institutions, and decreased 2. The following tables show the average faculty salary by academic rank and gender at Temple University. At Yale University, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $268,188, a 7. The difference in salary between male and female faculty $11,448, with male faculty' annual salary being 15. Low rank of Law college (mean is 84% of the RUVH mean) is surprising given it has the highest % of full professors of any UTK college. 46% higher than female associate professor's salary. 03% decrease from last year ( -$55 ). 54% compared to the 2022 salary. g. 06% at Rice University. 6 years gross salary). (An R1 Humanities tenure track offer can usually gain $15-30,000 over the initial offer; at a small regional SLAC it may be closer to $2-10,000. Feb 24, 2017 · Most clients increase their offer by thousands of dollars in salary, research support, travel support, moving expenses, etc. At Temple, the average male faculty's salary is $118,273 and female faculty's is $99,599. The average salary-to-market ratio across all of UNT’s 1,140 continuing faculty members is 1. UAH's faculty salary increased by 4. The 2023 associate professor salary of U. The 2023 average faculty salary is $100,439 at University of Kansas across all academic ranks. May 8, 2024 · The average salary for a Finance Professor is $77,749 in 2024. 2 $60. 7k salaries reported, updated at June 2, 2024. By gender, the average male associate professor salary is $190,930, and that of female associate professor is $181,743. Salary and demographic data for tenure-track (TT), non-tenure teaching (NTT), and non-tenure research The average Professor - Chemistry salary in the United States is $113,363 as of May 28, 2024, but the range typically falls between $88,760 and $191,498. The Associate professor salary is $126,195, a 3. 68% compared to the 2022 salary. May 28, 2024 · The average Professor - Computer Science salary in Texas is $123,915 as of May 28, 2024, but the range typically falls between $97,984 and $173,414. By gender, the average male professor salary is $221,929, and that of female professor is $217,134. The 2023 average faculty salary is $102,736 at University of Arizona across all academic ranks. (Though the lowest tenure-track salary was $50k). The difference in salary between male and female faculty $22,674, with male faculty' annual salary being 30. $10k per year is a small price to pay for work-related sanity. The following tables describe the average salary for teaching faculty and non-teaching staffs at positions and, in some cases, decrease salaries. The following tables describe the average salary for teaching faculty and non-teaching The 2023 average faculty salary is $168,344 at Northwestern University across all academic ranks. 44% from $73,556 to $76,085. The 2023 average faculty salary of 132 R2 Universities is $92,877. At University of Arizona, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $137,973, a -1. 60% increase from last year ( +$9,349 ). Bonus. At University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $163,609, a 4. The Associate professor salary is $126,583 The following table summarizes the faculty salary by academic rank for 5 Colorado R1 Universities. At Binghamton University, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $134,802, a 0. 0 University at Buffalo (SUNY) R1 $150. According to glass door the average salary in Georgia for a poly sci professor is $50k. The average salary for Caltech's 263 Professor is $220,963. I did poly sci undergrad and the dept chair only made $120k which you used to be able to look up. Most institutions pay faculty a daily rate for the length of the class. 08% increase from last year ( +$6,719 ). Purdue University-Main Campus and Indiana University-Bloomington also have higher faculty salary of $121,387 and $101,858 respectively. 92% higher than that of female faculty. Average: $104,044. 77%, associate professor salaries increased by 6. 03%, and assistant professor salaries increased by 9. 37% increase from last year ( +$2,008 ). 3 $88. The 2023 average faculty salary is $122,060 at University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign across all academic ranks. The difference in salary between male and female faculty $36,138, with male faculty' annual salary being 27. The average full professor salary is $89,562 and the average associate professor salary is $75,527 in U. 34% increase from last year ( +$4,554 ). The salary range for a Professor is usually between $84,785 and $161,191 per year, representing the 25th to 75th percentiles respectively. The average Assistant Professor salary is $73,306 as of May 28, 2024, but the salary range typically falls between $57,775 and $111,063. KU's faculty salary increased by 5. 2% higher than that of female faculty. Maine R1 Universities Professor Salary By Academic Rank - There is only Maine R1 University in Maine - University of Maine . 93% increase from last year ( +$5,119 ). At University of Alabama in Huntsville, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $137,427, a 5. 97% higher than female associate professor's salary. Often . Jul 8, 2022 · Full-Time Faculty Salary, by Rank. Apr 7, 2020 · The average salary for a full professor at a private doctoral university is nearly $203,000, while the salary for a full professor at a public baccalaureate college is just over $99,000. 3M (13. On average, the pay is between $64,000 and $123,000. The AAUP 2020–21 Faculty Compensation Survey results include two tables presenting annual full-time faculty salary growth by The 2023 average faculty salary is $150,249 at University of Southern California across all academic ranks. An R1 Science offer can sometimes gain $30-60,000 over the initial offer). The base salary for Associate Professor ranges from $91,295 to $111,837 with the average base salary of $100,914. The 2023 average faculty salary is $140,601 at George Washington University across all academic ranks. At University at Buffalo, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $140,997, a 3. 3/5 stars. Jan 16, 2024 · In R1 universities, the average faculty salary is $119,355, an increase of 32. 0% 131,317 $154,566 17. Salary ranges can vary widely depending on many important factors, including education, certifications, additional skills, the number of years you have spent in your profession. 89% ($3,494) from last year. The following tables describe the average salary for teaching faculty and non-teaching Professor 127,384 152,857 20. Salary Salary Spend Delta OSU R1 # Faculty (Sept 2023) FTE AY Salary (Sept 2023) OSU R1 Estimated Salary Salary Spend Delta OSU R1 Lecturer I* 5: $324,027. At University of Miami, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $182,161, a 5. Yale's faculty salary increased by 6. Professor salaries increased by 7. Starting off at a good R1 institution as a folklore assistant professor you start much lower, ballpark of $80-90K. 96% compared to the 2022 salary. $1k - $31k. Of the schools, Duke University has the highest faculty salary of $162,699 for the academic year 2023-2024. The difference in salary between male and female faculty $22,246, with male faculty' annual salary being 20. 24% higher than female associate professor's salary. The 2023 professor salary of U. 39% ($8,100) from last year at Rice University. 33% compared to the 2022 salary. The Associate professor salary is $96,964, a 0 UK wages as a whole are pretty poor, so someone with an undergrad degree is generally making less than £40k. Salary Spend Delta: Using OSU comparison data, this is the expected salary spend for a group of UNM faculty (e. UWM's faculty salary increased by 0. The 2023 average faculty salary is $123,231 at University of Connecticut across all academic ranks. S. At University of Connecticut, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $164,144, a 5. SUNY at Binghamton's faculty salary decreased by 0. Salaries posted anonymously by R1 RCM employees. At Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $160,457, a -0. Of the schools, Stanford University has the highest faculty salary of $202,710 for the academic year 2023-2024. At public schools, the average associate professor salary is $78,968, which is 3. The average faculty salary increased 8. At public schools, the average professor salary is $96,226, which is 3. $53k - $132k. At GMU, the average male faculty's salary is $127,316 and female faculty's is $104,333. 93% higher than that of female faculty. Summary of Mean Salaries by College, UTK vs. The average professor salary at national universities is $125,424 and liberal arts colleges Curious is folks are willing to share. This is in physics/engineering. 64% increase from last year ( +$2,930 ). Professor salaries increased by 8. The average faculty is $135,474 and the average non-teaching staff salary is $87,320. The non-instructional staff salary has risen 4. At University of Illinois Chicago, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $165,399, a 1. 04%, associate professor salaries increased by 8. According to glass door. Miami's faculty salary increased by 5. The Associate professor salary is $89,793 The 2023 average faculty salary is $92,883 at Binghamton University across all academic ranks. Full professor in engineering at a public R1 makes about $150k (more with summer salary if you get enough grants to cover it)—about what an MS would make with 5 years of experience. At Johns Hopkins University, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $208,348, a 6. The average R1 RCM salary ranges from approximately ₹1,19,507 per year (estimate) for a User Experience Designer to ₹54,96,590 per year (estimate) for a Director - IT. Of the schools, University of Miami has the highest faculty salary of $126,987 for the academic year 2023-2024. By gender, the average male associate professor salary is $173,828, and that of female associate professor is $159,602. Oct 25, 2023 · The Professor Of Marketing salary range is from $119,901 to $161,425, and the average Professor Of Marketing salary is $142,718/year in the United States. The average salary for Rice faculty has increased 9. The average faculty salary have down -0. The average faculty is $123,231 and the average non-teaching staff salary is $82,210. 8 $80. The average faculty salary of them is $102,464. 87% compared to the 2022 salary. All UTK colleges except 1 (Law) are between 93% and 117% of their RUVH counterparts. New professors in my PhD department typically got ~$80-90k, while teaching jobs I've applied for have ranged from $40-$68k. Much less variation in college mean salaries when compared against RUVH. 8 Pennsylvania State University 3 R1 $159. Findings reflect the salaries of 184,924 tenured/tenure-track faculty members at 794 institutions nationwide. 83% increase from last year ( +$10,034 ). The difference in salary between male and female faculty $21,902, with male faculty' annual salary being 22. 31% ($3,177) from last year. A free inside look at R1 RCM salary trends based on 2202 salaries wages for 808 jobs at R1 RCM. 8 University of Pittsburgh 4 R1 $158. ). It might depend on the university too. What you’ll do: Physics professors typically teach subjects like thermodynamics and quantum, nuclear, and astro physics (and many more). Salary ranges can vary widely depending on the city and many other important factors, including education, certifications, additional skills, the number of years you have spent in your profession. 5 $93. By gender, the average male associate professor salary is $170,780, and that of female associate professor is $168,326. The average faculty salary increased 1. UB's faculty salary increased by 1. 80% increase from last year ( +$3,419 ). The top 10% of earners, that is the 90th percentile, have an annual salary of $225,000. 68% ($6,971) from last year. All Faculty. The number of full-time faculty members increased 0. Iowa R1 Universities Professor Salary By Academic Rank - There are 2 Iowa R1 Universities in Iowa - Iowa State University and University of Iowa . 21% higher than female professor's salary. The following table summarizes the faculty salary by academic rank for 3 Indiana R1 Universities. This report highlights the overall changes to faculty size and salaries over the past year. IV. 18% ($10,244) from last year at University of Maryland-College Park. 96% from last year. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. 7% The salary data for UTK indicates a robust growth pattern (please see Table 2), with the mean salary for Assistant Professors catching up to other growth rates this year. Of the schools, Colorado School of Mines has the highest faculty salary of $118,559 for the academic year 2023-2024. Professor Associate Professor Assistant Professor Instructor Temple University R1 $167. 0 University of Delaware R1 $163. Click on the filter to check out Stem Teacher job salaries by hourly, weekly, biweekly, semimonthly, monthly, and yearly. Who We Are R1 is a leading provider of technology-driven solutions that transform the patient experience and financial performance of – More. The following table summarizes the faculty salary by academic rank for 6 Florida R1 Universities. 19% increase from last year ( +$17,996 ). University of Kentucky Faculty Salary Increase over Past 5 Years by Academic Rank. The difference in salary between male and female faculty $25,515, with male faculty' annual salary being 25. 0 $58. RPI's faculty salary decreased by 2. The difference in salary between male and female faculty $27,197, with male faculty' annual salary being 26. 11) Physics Professor. 40% decrease from last year ( -$4,443 ). The average faculty is $158,388 and the average non-teaching staff salary is $77,979. $6 - $20k. The following tables show the average faculty salary by academic rank and gender at Old Dominion University. The non-instructional staff salary has risen 5. This page provides a summary snapshot of the salary data from the 2019-20 Employees in Higher Education Surveys conducted by the College and University Professional Association for Human Resources (CUPA-HR) and should not be used for campus decision making. 49% compared to the 2022 salary. 58% compared to the 2022 salary. The average faculty is $120,828 and the average non-teaching staff salary is $76,815. Year. 27% at University of Kentucky. 05% ($5,924) from last year at University of Connecticut. At UF, the average male faculty's salary is $125,577 and female faculty's is $100,062. UIC's faculty salary increased by 1. 91% higher than female associate professor's salary. The average Professor - Mathematics salary in the United States is $112,164 as of May 28, 2024, but the range typically falls between $86,669 and $171,598. The 2023 average faculty salary is $117,196 at University of Illinois Chicago across all academic ranks. Professor salaries increased by 11. The average faculty salary of the school is $97,198. You may be able to increase your annual salary by $5,000 to $10,000, depending upon the number of summer classes that you teach. Northwestern's faculty salary increased by 3. R1 RCM employees rate the overall compensation and benefits package 3. 09% higher than that of female faculty. By gender, the average male associate professor salary is $105,250, and that of female associate professor is $95,707. The Associate professor salary is $86,789, a 2. The difference in salary between male and female faculty $22,983, with male faculty' annual salary being 22. A R2 doctoral university is an institution in recognition of high research activities. 6 days ago · R1 RCM Careers. The following table summarizes the faculty salary by academic rank for 11 California R1 Universities. The R2 universities ' faculty salary is $92,975, a change of 3. UCLA's faculty salary increased by 6. 45% increase from last year ( +$5,527 ). The average salary for Kentucky faculty has increased 7. The 2023 average faculty salary is $122,259 at Carnegie Mellon University across all academic ranks. At Georgia State University, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $135,017, a 2. At Tufts, the average male faculty's salary is $133,163 and female faculty's is $110,917. The 2023 average faculty salary is $100,672 at University at Buffalo across all academic ranks. You are a long standing professor…I’m starting at £34304 as lecturer. At MSU, the average male faculty's salary is $83,341 and female faculty's is $71,893. At University of Kansas, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $129,832, a 4. 02% increase from last year ( +$11,885 ). GWU's faculty salary increased by 1. 56% ($7,608) from last year. Cornell University Faculty Salary Increase over Past 5 Years by Academic Rank. Base Salary. The average faculty is $150,249 and the average non-teaching staff salary is $96,474. 2019-20 CUPA-HR Salary Data Explore the median salaries of more than 1,300 faculty, staff, and administrative positions. Colleges. The salary difference between male and female associate professor is $2,454, which means male associate professor's salary is 1. Salaries were reported by 794 institutions, including 478 private institutions and 316 public institutions, for 31 academic disciplines. Rice University Faculty Salary Increase over Past 5 Years by Academic Rank. By gender, the average male associate professor salary is $113,767, and that of female associate professor is $107,644. 04% compared to the 2022 salary. West Virginia's faculty salary increased by 3. 1 percent at public institutions, decreased 0. Dec 4, 2022 · This workbook presents the number of full-time faculty members and average salary (equated to a 9-month contract) for full-time faculty members by academic rank on the payroll as of November 1 of each academic year in degree-granting nonprofit institutions participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs in the United States (50 states and DC). 0 $70. colleges is increased by 3. At OU, the average male faculty's salary is $105,183 and female faculty's is $83,699. 41% compared to the 2022 salary. 17%, from $143,865 to $158,388. 02% increase from last year ( +$11,835 ). 67: The 2023 average faculty salary is $116,537 at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute across all academic ranks. 02% ($1,220) from last year at University of Rochester. At University of Southern California, by academic rank: The Professor salary is $195,561, a 4. 6 $104. 05%, from $138,094 to $148,569. The 2023 average faculty salary is $192,746 at Yale University across all academic ranks. The 2023 average faculty salary is $126,987 at University of Miami across all academic ranks. 72% compared to the 2022 salary. USC's faculty salary increased by 5. Starting off at a good R1 institution as an accounting or finance assistant professor you expect to make $225K+. At IU, the average male faculty's salary is $111,415 and female faculty's is $88,475. 7% higher than that of female faculty. The highest-paid teachers are those who teach law, taking home more than $120,000 each year, while the lowest ones are the education professors, earning less than $65,000 every year. The following tables show the average faculty salary by academic rank and gender at University of Houston. The private school's average salary is $73,774, a increase of 2. The salary difference between male and female associate professor is $9,187, which means male associate professor's salary is 5. The difference in salary between male and female faculty $22,940, with male faculty' annual salary being 25. Profit Sharing. The average hourly pay for a Professor is $56. At Drexel, the average male faculty's salary is $118,370 and female faculty's is $96,468. 17% compared to the 2022 salary. 38% compared to the 2022 salary. At ODU, the average male faculty's salary is $97,764 and female faculty's is $75,090. 9 $57. 98% ($4,640) from last year. The following tables show the average faculty salary by academic rank and gender at University of Oklahoma-Norman Campus. A lecturer (equivalent to assistant professor) at an R1 equivalent in the UK, in Physics, can be after few years (5) at almost $70k USD pre-tax. 09% from $87,957 to $90,674. 401 (k) View more benefits. The private school's average salary is $86,409, a increase of 2. Mar 12, 2019 · Generally, a tenure track professorship is a nine-month job. RUVH. 7 $86. zb pl qt yz wq ij hd kc ts zy